KHAWLAILUNG VILLAGE PROFILE

 

                                                                                                                              Written by

Lalduhawmi

Cluster Coordinator, NRLM

East Lungdar R.D Block

 

      (Click here to download Mualcheng Village Profile in PDF)

ABOUT THE VILLAGE

Khawlailung Village was named by Pasaltha Hatea in 1901. This village is located in the South East of Aizawl and it is 146 Km distance from Aizawl. It is 93°E Longitude and 23°N Latitude and it is in 28 Hrangturzo(ST) Assembly Constituency which is under the district of Serchhip and also under East Lungdar R.D Block.

According to the last census, the population of this village was 2538, among these, 235 people were illiterate and 142 were senior citizen. There are 523 houses in this village and all the people in this village are Christian. It seems that the villagers' food security are quite good and the health condition of the people are quite good, there was no infant mortality for about 3 to 4 years back, leprosy and TB disease was never found. At present, there are 50 pucca houses and 453 semi pucca, and 20 kacha houses in this village.

The main occupations of the people are jhuming cultivation, Sugar cane cultivation and dairy farming. In consultation with the Village Council members, about 95% of the population is farmers and only about 10 to 20 people are in service from the citizen of this village. Sugarcane, rice and orange are the main exports of this village.

The main occupation of the village is farming; about 95% of the people are farmers. The village has YMA Hall, Library, playground, V.C House, Community Hall, MUP Hall, MHIP Hall and five Primary School, four Middle School, one Govt. High School, one PHC, six Anganwadi and one Veterinary Office.

 

Last year (2012), Khawlailung village exported about 400 quintals of orange, 11 quintals of coffee, 200 quintals of sugarcane and 1500 quintals of ginger. Among these, orange and ginger were exported to other states, coffee were given to the Society and Board for further exports. Sugarcane was exported to Serchhip and Lunglei districts.

There are different development programs in the village, viz.Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP), and Rashtriya Krishi VikasYojana(RKVY) etc.

In 1926, Primary School was established, in 1962, Middle School was established, in 1973 - High School and in 1986, Primary Health Centre (PHC) was established. Primary School Leaving Certificate Examination which was held in 1961, Dothanga stood first in Mizoram. One of the students in Khawlailung village High School who was called Vanlalliani was awarded 'Best Girl' in Mizoram Games. Khawlailung village has two famous Indian footballers named - Jerry Zirsanga and Lalrinfela.

The following persons are first in Khawlailung village.

 

Teacher

Mr. Thanga

Missionary

Mr. Totea

Bible women

Miss Hrangtintawngi

VCP

Mr.Pabuanga

Ordained deacon

Mr.Mukchiala and Mr.Chinsanga

Radio Artist

Mr.Lalzova Ralte

Pastor

Mr.Pathiauva

Matric

Mr.Lalngurauva

B.A

Mr.J.H.Pahlira

B.A (women)

Miss Ralmuanpuii

M.A

Rev.Lalngurauva

 

Apart from these, Mr.Dengkunga was famous for his talent, he can repair and fixed human bones.

ROADS AND SANITATION

1)      Drainage system is only in the main road.

2)      There are 9 public latrines

3)      Every household has their own toilet

4)      Households who were using fireplace for cooking has chimney but 30% of the households never used fireplace for cooking.

In consultation with the members from the Village Council and YMA, in Khawlailung village, rules and regulations have been made for the development and for the security of the people as well as the village, and these rules are carried on by the Village Council and all the villagers have to follow and respect these rules and regulations. Any person who violates these rules has to be punished, but they have different types of punishments. In this village, foreigners (especially from different states and countries) cannot stay for more than one month except for the government's duty. The members of the Local Council and other NGOs used to check Inner Line Permit (ILP) from these foreigners and if anybody was found that he/she has no proper and formal ILP, he/she was expelled from the village as soon as possible. Due to this, there have been no problems between inter-caste and inter- class relationships so far.

The political aspect of Khawlailung village is quite good, different political parties have existed but there have been no conflict between these parties. Since 2009 till date, Congress party has dominated for the Village Council.

 

POOR/VULNERABLE GROUPS IN THE VILLAGE

Following informations are collected from the discussions we had with the Village Council and VLAA.

About 1.91% of the population are poorest of the poor, 4.47% are poor, 86.62% are not so poor and 7% are not poor.

People who do not have land on their own, who works daily as labourers for their living are considered as poor. Therefore, there are about 20 poor families in this village and most of their expenditures are for buying medicines for their health and for buying foods for their family. There are 96 members in BPL and 71 members in AAY. There are also about 3 to 4 vulnerable persons in the village, the NGOs members and the community members help these vulnerable people whenever they need help. There is an association for the old people (senior citizen) called Mizoram Upa Pawl (MUP), therefore the conditions and status of the old people are quite good and stable, this association is very helpful for their members and as well as for the village.

MIGRANTS IN THE VILLAGE

As we have mentioned earlier, there is no much migrants in this village, most of the migrants are on government's duty and suppliers, doing export/import. In this village, foreigners (especially from different states and countries) cannot stay for more than one month except for the government's duty. The members of the Local Council and other NGOs used to check Inner Line Permit (ILP) from these foreigners and if anybody was found that he/she has no proper and formal ILP, he/she was expelled from the village as soon as possible.

 

DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATIONS, PROGRAMMES / DIFFERENT NGOs AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

1)   VILLAGE COUNCIL:-

Village Council is the overall in charge of the administration of the village. Distribution of the house site, ownership of land etc, are in the hands of the Village council . In Khawlailung village, VC has done many works like construction of  agriculture linkroads, repairing and construction of  Community Hall, construction of halfmoon terraces for planting orange under the development scheme of MGNREGS (VEC),apart from these, repairing and cleaning of roads, construction of cemetery roads, plantation of trees,  watershed management works, rainwater harvesting for every household were also under taken through Village council.

 

2)  YOUNG MIZO ASSOCIATION :-

There are 1234 YMA members, out of which 650 are male and 584 are female in Khawlailung village. YMA has a high responsibilities and roles for the development and security of the village. Punishments in consultation with the VC were given to those people who violated the village's laws. YMA used to check Inner Line Permit (ILP) from outsiders and foreigners, they used to protect and preserve the forests and lakes, YMA used to help the poorest of the poor, YMA has its own Park, they used to clean and take care of it. They also have a library of their own, most of the books are given by the State Library and many books are also donated by the village people themself.

3)   MIZORAM UPA PAWL ((MUP) :-

MUP is an association of senior citizen. There are 217 MUP members in Khawlailung village. They built MUP House through M.P and MLA's fund. They used to contribute money for the village's sanitation. Their main objective is to help and develop the old aged citizen, they received Old Age Pension

 

Regularly from social welfare department. They also contributed some amount of money to the Social Reform Committee of the village.

4) MIZO HMEICHHE INSUIHKHAWM PAWL (MHIP) / STATUS OF WOMEN:-

This is a women's association, in this village MHIP has 845 members. MHIP has done various activities for the development and welfare of the village .When there is a death in the village, MHIP used to put flowers and used to contribute a bundle of fire woods from every family of their members. They have two Crèche Centres which are supported and financed by Social Welfare Department. Those mothers who want to go to the fields for working, they used to take care and help their babies in these centres while they were working. They think that there has been no gender discrimination in this village except on the wage rate, the wages of daily labour for man is Rs.200/- while women gets only Rs.150/- daily.

          Various development programmes in Khawlailung village are as follows :-1) National Rural employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS), 2) National Rural Health Mission (NRHM),3) Integrated watershed Management Programme (IWMP), 4) Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY).

STAKEHOLDERS

There are different Committees for the development of Khawlailung village. They are, Village Council (VC), Young Mizo Association (YMA), Mizo Hmeichhe Insuihkhawm Pawl (MHIP), Mizoram Upa Pawl (MUP), Games & Sports Association (GSA) Khawlailung, Village Employment Council (VEC, under MGNREGS), Village Education Committee (under Education deptt.), Village Health and Sanitation Committee (under Health deptt.), Village Water and Sanitation Committee   (under   PHE),   Village    Monitoring   Committee    (under   MGNREGS), Watershed committee (IWMP), Village Community Hall Committee (under Rural development deptt), School Management Development Committee, Social Reforms Committee, Accredited Social Health Activists, Village level Administrative Assistant. Among these various development programmes,  YMA and MHIP members have stated that, MGNREGS and ASHA are the two most helpful for the people. Since there have been no negative stakes of these programmes and stakeholders, no special programmes have been made for the management.

NATURAL RESOURCES IN THE VILLAGE

After we had discussions with the Village Council, we have come to know about the natural resources in Khawlailung village.

1)   At present, there are 4800 acres of land in the village and all these lands are utilised by the people.

2)   There are two water reservoir constructed by PHE Deptt, govt of Mizoram, eight other large water reservoirs, all these reservoirs are well maintained.

3)   The village forest reserve is about 1200 acres.

4)   Products obtained from the forests are rawtuai, phuihnam, chingit, khuai, hmunphiah, theihai, kawlthei, theipui, sunhlu, pangpar, ba lung, zawngtah , khanghu, thingthupui, kawhtebel, khawmhma and different kinds of fruits.

5)     There  are  some  wild   animals  in  the  forest  like  tiger,   python,  snakes, monkeys, deer, jackal, wolf and different kinds of birds.

6)     These resources are used for earning money through the assent of thevillage council.

7)    Their resources are controlled and maintained especially by the VC. All the people  in  the  village  are also  responsible for the  preservation  of their resources.

8)    Different rules have been made for the development and preservation of their resources. They used to give information to the people regarding the preservation of their natural resources through Information Centre.

9)    Many efforts have been made by the villagers for the improvement of the stock of their resources. They are aware that it is their duty to preserve their resources.

CONFLICT AND MUTUAL SUPPORT IN THE VILLAGE

The following sources are taken from the interactions held with different NGOs. The Village Council and YMA are the two most powerful and largest organizations in this village. As these two organizations have done their roles and responsibilities, there is no conflict in this village so far. If there is any problem or conflict in the community, the Village Council is responsible for solving their problems. Thus, the people in the village respect and obey the decisions and advice made by the Village Council. So, the Village Council are aware that it is their duties and responsibilities to take care , support and give security to the villagers and to help and resolve their problems.

 

PUBLIC, FORMAL AND INFORMAL INSTITUTIONS, FINANCIAL SERVICES AND INSTITUTIONS / FUNCTIONING PEOPLE'S ORGANISATIONS

I have the following informations form the discussions we had with the Village Council and VLAA.

There are different public, formal and informal institutions in Khawlailung village. They are, Village Council (VC), Young Mizo Association (YMA), Mizo Hmeichhe Insuihkhawm Pawl (MHIP), Mizoram Upa Pawl (MUP), Games & Sports Association (GSA) Khawlailung, Village Employment Council (VEC, under NREGS), Village Education Committee (under Education deptt), Village Health and Sanitation Committee (under Health deptt.), Village Water and Sanitation Committee (under PHE), Village Monitoring Committee (under NREGS), Watershed committee (IWMP), Village Community Hall Committee (under Rural development deptt.), School Management Development Committee, Social Committee,    Accreditted     Social     Health    Activists,    Village     level Reform Administrative Assistant. Mizo Zirlai Pawl (MZP), Mizo Students Union (MSU).

Besides these various institutions and NGOs, there are 12 churches, one Post Office, three retailers (PDS), but there is no insurance service, no chits and Bank in this village. People saved money at the Post Office but obtained loan form E.Lungdar and Serchhip Rural Bank and all these loans are term loans having interests. In times of financial emergencies, people get money from their families and neighbours. In this type of emergency lending, there is no un-repayment. The money lender used to get their money in time and this method of lending is done only with the trust of one another.

Most of the leaders in these associations are from the citizen of this village. According to the members of different NGOs, the reason why they chose their leaders is because they have a good leadership quality, have patience and sympathy.

 

SELF HELP GROUP

There are many SHGs in this village but let us study only one SHG.

Name                         : M.S SHG

Members                    : 10

Estd.                          : 2005

Sources of income : Regular saving, making a plot for ginger, working in other's land to raise money.

In 2006, they received Rs.10000/- for revolving fund, in 2008, they received the amount of Rs.100000/- for loan (subsidy). From this loan, every member of their group gets one pig/piglet each and invested them for their SHG. They practices internal loan, their cash balance (till August 2013) is Rs.20000/-

MARKET / ITEMS TRADED INTO AND OUT OF THE VILLAGE

The following informations are received from the interactions we had with various households.

The main exports of this village are sugarcane, brown sugar, orange, coffee, ginger etc. These items are exported to different districts of Mizoram as well as outside the state of Mizoram. Some of these items are given to Society and Board, and some are collected by suppliers from outside the state, these suppliers come to the village during the season and paid the money right away to the farmers. Meanwhile, some vegetables like, tomatoes, cabbages, potatoes etc., clothes, medicines and utensils are imported from different districts and states.

Last year (2012), Khawlailung village exported about 400 quintals of orange, 11 quintals of coffee, 200 quintals of sugarcane and 1500 quintals of ginger. Among these, orange and ginger were exported to other states, coffee were given to the Society and Board for further exports. Sugarcane was exported to Serchhip and Lunglei districts.

MAJOR CRISES FACED BY THE PEOPLE

The following informations are received from the discussions we had with the senior citizens (MUP).

In January 1943, while most of the villagers went out to their land in the forest for farming, the whole village was burnt thereby causing loss of houses and assets  but fortunately there was no death due to this fire, after that incident, all the villagers were grouped by the village leaders to build many kutcha houses for their living. For this, their neighboring villages helped them in cash and in kind, so from that, Khawlailung Village had overcome that crisis.

DEVELOPMENT ASPIRATIONS OF THE PEOPLE / TOP PROBLEMS. GAPS AND OPPORTUNITIES IN THE VILLAGE

According to the opinion of the villagers, development is an asset where all the villagers can equally benefits and utilized from them. Besides different problem, the top problems according to them were - there is no I.B (rest/guest house) in this village, there encounter scarcity of water in this village and the need and demand of water is very high, there is no street lights in the whole of the village, MHIP House which was collapsed in 2006 is not yet repaired till now, Bank which will be very useful for the villagers is not established, there is no chance for the villagers for higher studies in their village because there is no Higher Secondary level, the highest education in their village is only high school and there is no Police Out Post, due to this, they sometimes feel insecure.

SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS / GAPS AND OPPORTUNITIES

The following information are received from the Village council and VLAA. The following social entrepreneurs are existed in Khawlailung village :-

1)      Sawing machine                               : 4

2)      Wheat/rice grinding machine              :7

3)      Coffee grinding machine                     :2

4)      Turmeric grinding machine                 :1

5)      Corn/flour grinding machine                :1

About 95% of the villagers have benefitted from the above entrepreneurs. These entrepreneurs are very efficient and serve well for the villagers and the villagers never go to other villages to satisfy their wants.

Apart from these, the village has the following assets:-

1)      Electric water pump                          :1

2)      Hand pump (water)                           :5

3)      Transformer                                     : 3

4)      View                                               : 2

 

About 100% of the villagers have benefitted from the above assets, they can get water from their locality instead of getting it from the forest. With the help of transformers, the villagers can get sufficient power supply and this helps in making things easier.

The above mentioned are utilized by the villagers and there has been no gaps between them. The entrepreneurs and the villagers go together to meet the needs of their villagers.

FUNCTIONING OF PUBLIC SERVICES IN THE VILLAGE

This information is received through the interactions held with VC and YMA.

Khawlailung village has 5 maxi cab services, 10 schools, 1 PHC, 1 Library, 1 Community Hall and 6 Anganwadi. All these public services are very useful and helpful for the villagers, and they are very efficient and effective for the villagers.

10 LIVELIHOODS OF THE VILLAGE

In consultation with the Village Council, YMA and VLAA, I received the following information.

The following are 10 livelihoods of the village.

1)   Sugarcane : About 25 households in the village are growing sugarcane for their livelihood. These sugarcanes are processed and the processed gur are mainly exported to Serchhip and Lunglei districts. They exported about 200 quintals last year.

2)   Brown sugar: Brown sugar is made from sugarcane, so all the households who are doing sugarcane for their living are also making brown sugar. This Brown sugar is exported to the local market and especially to Serchhip and Lunglei districts.

3)   Ginger : About 70% of the population are having land for ginger plantation. It is exported to other states at a higher rate, but the rates are fluctuating now and then. Last year, about 1500 quintals of ginger were exported.

4)  Jhuming cultivation : About 95% of the villagers are farmers. The method of farming they practices is jhuming cultivation.

5)  Orange : About 40% of the villagers are having land for orange plantation During the season of orange harvest, suppliers from within and outside the state are coming for business. Last year, they exported about 400 quintals of orange.

6)   Furniture works : About 7 person in Khawlailung village are having furniture workshop. They are very useful for the villagers, sometimes they cannot cover their demand.

     7)    Rice mill : About 6 people are having rice mill, around 90% of the villagers have come to them for their rice. Most of the villagers are self supporting in rice.

     8)   Coffee : 10 people are engaged in coffee plantation and these people are growing coffee for their living. There are 2 coffee grinding machines in this village, owned by private and the other owned by Society.

     9)   Fish pond : About 20 households are having fishpond for their living. Their fishes are sold to the local market.

         10)   Dairy farming : About 90% of the villagers are doing dairy farming, if they have to work for farming, any members of the family who stay at home take care of their dairy farming.

 

9 DIFFERENT HOUSEHOLDS

Household -1

The family income of Mr. Lalthlamuana who is 58years is Rs.6000/- and most of their expenditures are for food and medicines and their source of income are daily labour, planting ginger in their land and dairy farming. They are three family members, one member used to collect fodder from the forest, one used to work at the field and one member used to stay at home, there is no seasonal effects for them and even no triple burden. There is one school dropout, their food security is normal, they received NLUP from the Govt. and now their family has moved out of poverty day by day.

Household-2

Their family members of Mr. Ramdinthara are five and their monthly income is about Rs.5000/-, their source of income is farming, most of their expenditures are for buying food and school fees. Two of their children go to school, there is one school dropout and two family members used to go out for farming. There are no seasonal effects for them, no migrants, and no triple burden. According to them, they are moved out of poverty.

Household-3

The family members of Mr. Zoramthanga are five, their monthly income is around Rs.7000/- and their source of income are furniture works and farming, most of their expenditures are for school fees and food. There are three students in their family, there is no school dropout, the mother of the family used to go out daily for farming, their father is engaged in his furniture works, seasonal change does not affect their daily works and their food security is normal, no triple burden,their family moved out of poverty.

Household-4

The family income of Mr. Hrangdawla is Rs.30000/- p.m, their source of income are service and their expenditures are for school fees and food. Head of the family is a school teacher pensioner, his wife is a school teacher. One of their children is also a school teacher, one works in service and the other three children are students. Their food security is normal, no triple burden, no school dropout, no migrants, no seasonal effects and their family has moved out of poverty.

Household-5

Mr. K.Thangbawia has eight family members, their income is Rs.10000/-p.m, and their source of income is farming. There are three school dropout, one student, two farmers and two children. Most of their expenditures are for school fees and food. No triple burden, no migrants, no seasonal effects, food security is normal and they moved out of poverty.

Household-6

Mr. lalkamlova has ten family members, their income is about Rs.60000/-p.m and their source of income are service and farming. Their father used to go out daily for farming, their mother used to stay at home, two of their children are in service, there is one child and five students and their food security is normal. No triple burden, no school dropout, no seasonal effects, no migrants and they moved out of poverty.

Household-7

The family income of Mr.Lalbiakzuala is Rs. 4000/- pm, their source of income is farming, they are five family members and most of their expenditures are for medicines and food. There are one farmer, one teacher, one student and two school dropout in their family. There are no triple burden, no seasonal effect, no food insecurity, no migrants and they moved out of poverty.

Household-8

Mr. K.Chalchhinga has four family members, their income is Rs.3000'-pm and their source of income is farming. In their family, there are two farmers, one student, and one of their children used to stay at home who was school dropout. Most of their expenditures are for food. There is no triple burden, no seasonal effects, no food insecurity and no migrants, they are moved out of poverty.

Household-9

The family income of Mr.Lalhmuchhuaka is Rs.2000/-pm, they are six members! their source of income is farming and most of thei expenditures is for buying fosd. There are three farmers, three students and one of their children is school dropout. There is no triple burden in their family, no migrants, no seasonal effects, no food insecurity and they moved out of poverty.

SECONDARY INFORMATION

NGO members

Local Council

Health worker

VLAA

Booth Level officer (BLO)

Khawlailung Centenary 1901 - 2001 Souvenir

 

LEARNING AND UNLEARNID REPORTS OF THE VILLAGE

1)      It is found  that  in   Khawlailung  village,  the  SHGs  are  very active  and supportive for their family as well as for their village, it is going to be very impressive and interesting to work with them.

2)   The   road   connectivity  and   the   information   system   are   beyond   my expectations. The news in the state capital can be seen directly (live) in time through the television. Their road connectivity is also quite good but I feel that there is a little neglect in street lights, this causes problems at night.

3)      I have seen that each and every one of the NGOs knows and follows their
roles and responsibilities and the administrations taken up especially by the
Village Council President was amazing. He treated his members politely and
all his fellow members also respect and obey his words.

4)      I think the village administration is very good, because during my stay in
this village, they have a deceased family. Here all the community members
show their sympathy for the deceased family, they were very helpful,
and un-selfish for the deceased family.

 

DESCRIPTION OF KHAWLAILUNG BOUNDARIES

From Piler pointjt to go down to Tuahzawl river and across the main road, it will connect to Che river, here the western part is Piler area. From che river, it will go up and here the southern part is Sialsir area and this will connect Chekawn. From the eastern part of Chekawn, it will go down to Chekawn lake, here the southern part is Luitigchhuan area, this is connected to Varhva river. From Varhva river it is connected to Tuichang river, here the eastern part is Mualcheng area. It will again go down through Tuichang river, here the northern part is Hmunzawl area. From where Sairil river connects Tuichang riverjt goes up to the point of Piler, and here the western part is Piler area.